73 / 144
73
OBESIDADE
Os dados de que se dispõe relativos à associação entre obesidade e EMD são
inconsistentes e sugerem diferentes efeitos, dependendo do tipo de diabetes. Nos
diabéticos tipo 1, um maior índice de nassa corporal (IMC) e uma maior relação
cintura-quadril, estão linearmente associados a um aumento do risco de RD
23
.
Pelo contrário, dados de estudos de coorte transversal em diabéticos tipo 2 mos-
traram uma relação inversa entre obesidade e RD ou EMD
5,24
.
NEFROPATIA
A nefropatia, e particularmente a microalbuminúria, têm sido consideradas,
em alguns estudos epidemiológicos, como fatores de risco independentes, no
desenvolvimento do EMD
2
. Adicionalmente, tem sido sugerido que a hemodiáli-
se, em caso de doença renal terminal, pode reduzir o EMD
25
.
Referências
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